Effect of Ultrasound and Mechanics Agitation on Coconut Fiber in Alkaline Solution to Obtain Microfibers
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Vegetable fibers are important and promising sources of raw materials for composite materials due to their significant mechanical properties and environmentally friendly nature compared to synthetic fibers. Their abundance and the potential for cleaner production processes further enhance their attractiveness for the development of new composite materials. In addition, cellulosic nanostructures can be obtained from the decomposition of plant fibers.
The use of nanofibers in advanced materials represents a promising approach, given their enhanced properties, such as higher polarity, improved mechanical strength, and superior aspect ratio. However, the extraction of vegetable nanofibers remains challenging, particularly due to the high energy requirements and the intensive use of chemical agents.
This study presents the extraction of cellulosic nanofibers from coconut fiber using a low-energy process and an alkaline sodium bicarbonate solution. The effects of mechanical agitation and ultrasonic treatment in an alkaline medium were investigated and compared. The results indicate that both processes led to a reduction in the original fiber mass, confirming the production of nanofibers. Furthermore, mechanical agitation achieved a 30% higher yield compared to ultrasonic treatment.
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