Exploring Properties of Materials for Effective Combinations in Mechanical Engineering Technology

Material properties, mechanical engineering technology, material combinations, engineering materials, structural performance, composite materials, material selection.

Authors

  • Samaila Yerima Sule Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola, School of Engineering Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yola, Nigeria
  • Aminu Baba Usman Adamawa State Polytechnic Yola, School of Engineering Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yola, Nigeria
April 9, 2026

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The selection and combination of materials play a critical role in the design, performance, and sustainability of mechanical systems and components. This study investigates the fundamental and applied properties of engineering materials with the aim of identifying optimal combinations that enhance performance, durability, and cost-efficiency in mechanical engineering technology. Adopting a mixed-methods research design, the study integrates experimental analysis with expert evaluations to explore key material properties such as tensile strength, hardness, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and fatigue performance. A total of 25 commonly used engineering materials including metals, alloys, polymers, and composites were selected based on their relevance to mechanical applications. Laboratory tests were conducted using standardized procedures (ASTM and ISO) to evaluate physical and mechanical properties, while expert opinions were obtained through structured interviews with mechanical engineers and materials scientists. The findings reveal that strategic combinations of materials, such as steel-aluminum, carbon fiber-epoxy, and copper-graphene composites, result in synergistic effects that improve overall system efficiency in terms of weight reduction, thermal management, and structural integrity. The study also provides a materials selection matrix that guides engineers in matching material properties with specific mechanical functions such as load-bearing, vibration damping, and heat dissipation. Additionally, the study highlights critical considerations in material compatibility, including galvanic corrosion, thermal expansion mismatch, and interfacial bonding challenges. The results underscore the importance of interdisciplinary knowledge in materials science and mechanical engineering for developing innovative and sustainable engineering solutions. Based on the findings, the study recommends incorporating property-based material selection frameworks into engineering education and design practice to optimize mechanical performance across various industrial applications.