Real-Time ECG Acquisition and IoT-Based Cloud Monitoring System for Remote Patients
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The increasing need for accessible cardiac monitoring solutions has motivated the development of lightweight systems capable of capturing electrocardiogram (ECG) signals outside clinical settings. This study presents a low-cost IoT-based ECG monitoring system designed to acquire and transmit cardiac activity using the AD8232 analog front end integrated with a NodeMCU-ESP8266 microcontroller. The system employs a single-lead configuration, Wi-Fi communication, and cloud-based visualization through the Ubidots platform. Experimental evaluation involved raw signal inspection, amplitude conversion, rolling variability analysis, spectral characterization, low-pass filtering, and heart-rate estimation. The results indicate that stable electrode placement and reduced subject motion significantly enhance signal quality, producing more consistent waveforms suitable for basic physiological assessment. Although the sampling limitations restrict detailed morphology reconstruction, the system provides reliable heart-rate trends and real-time visualization. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of low-cost IoT architectures for remote ECG monitoring and suggest their potential for home-based healthcare and early abnormality detection.
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